Pendekatan Teks dan Konteks dalam Perspektif Semantik al-Jurjani, Firth dan A. Teun van Dijk

Abstract

One of the key aspects to consider in understanding the meaning of a sentence is context. Ignoring context is equivalent to treating a sentence or utterance unfairly, as both are inherently interconnected in the process of meaning formation. This article explores the ideas of three prominent figures in the study of text and context: Abdul Qahir al-Jurjani, J.R. Firth, and Teun A. van Dijk, as well as their relevance in modern analysis. The study also examines the application of their theories in various contemporary fields, including literary analysis, functional linguistics, critical discourse analysis, and media studies. Al-Jurjani’s approach aids in understanding the influence of historical and cultural contexts on the interpretation of literary works, while Firth’s concept enhances the analysis of interactions between text structures and social contexts. Van Dijk’s model of social cognition provides opportunities to explore how individual experiences and social contexts shape text comprehension. The findings indicate that the meaning of language results from the complex interaction between text and context. Integrating these theories into modern studies offers profound insights into human communication and the formation of meaning in diverse social and cultural situations. Thus, the thoughts of al-Jurjani, Firth, and van Dijk remain highly relevant in explaining the dynamics of communication in the modern era.