Pengaruh Kemiskinan, Pengangguran, Penduduk Muslim dan PDRB Terhadap Kinerja Zakat di Indonesia
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Abstract
Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam that must be performed by every Muslim who meets the criteria as a muzakki, a person obligated to pay zakat. Zakat plays an important role in reducing social inequality, improving the economy, and alleviating the burdens of underprivileged communities. The performance of zakat in Indonesia is influenced by various economic and demographic factors, such as Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), poverty levels, unemployment, and the ratio of the Muslim population. This study aims to analyze the effect of GRDP, the Muslim population ratio, unemployment, and poverty on zakat performance in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from official sources such as the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Strategic Study Center of the National Amil Zakat Agency (PUSKAS BAZNAS). To analyze the data, this study employs a panel data regression estimation method using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results show that poverty and unemployment have a negative effect on zakat performance, while GRDP and the Muslim population ratio have a positive effect. These findings indicate that these variables significantly influence the effectiveness of zakat collection and distribution in Indonesia, ultimately impacting social welfare.
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