Manajemen Kurikulum Pendidikan Masa Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the Management of the Education Curriculum during the Abbasid Caliphate. The research approach used is qualitative with a literature review method. The results showed that the pre-balig level consists of 2 categories, namely 7-9 years and 10 years and above to balig. The core conception is the same, that children (ash-Shabiyy, ash-Shaghîr) have not been treated as mukalaf who have taken full responsibility for themselves and their deeds. It's just that, in handling it, there is a difference, for the education of children who have not reached the age of 10 years, there are no sanctions in the form of blows and the like, while if they are 10 years old, they are allowed. Balig level education is an educational level for students who are not only expected to have formed their personality, but are also sought to achieve a degree of expertise in one or several disciplines. It has even been proven to give birth to multidisciplinary mujtahids, such as Imam asy-Shafi'i. Therefore, the classification of adolescents and youth (middle and high school age) as a non-adult group is a fatal mistake that is not in accordance with Islamic Sharia, as explained by scholars since the time of the Abbasid Caliphate. Thus, deviance at that age should be categorized as criminality (jarîmah), not tolerated with the terms "juvenile delinquency" or "underage crime".
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