Kebijakan dan Prinsip Ekonomi Islam Pada Masa Dinasti Umayyah: Inspirasi Untuk Transformasi Ekonomi Masa Kini
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Abstract
Islamic economic thought during the Umayyad Dynasty (661–750 AD) became the foundation of an ethical and sustainable economic system. The concept of economic justice in this era includes equal distribution of wealth, poverty alleviation, and protection of individual and community economic rights, based on the Qur'an and hadith. The state plays an active role in the distribution of zakat and the management of baitul mal to prevent excessive economic inequality, by integrating material, moral, and spiritual aspects. These principles are relevant for the development of an inclusive modern economy, especially in addressing global issues such as poverty, social inequality, and the exploitation of natural resources. This study uses a historical qualitative approach, referring to classical and modern literature related to Islamic economics. The analysis process is carried out in a descriptive-qualitative manner with a thematic approach to identify economic policy patterns that reflect Islamic values. The findings of the study show that fiscal policy, monetary system, and waqf management at that time succeeded in creating a balance between economic growth and social justice. These ideas have relevance to be applied in designing today's economic system that is more equitable and sustainable. In conclusion, the principles of Islamic economics from the Umayyad Dynasty era can be an inspiration to encourage inclusive economic transformation based on Islamic values.
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