Indonesian Muslim Responses to The Gaza Humanitarian Crisis Since 2023
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article examines the role of NGOs and Islamic movements in Indonesia, specifically Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Muhammadiyah, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and other pro-Palestinian movements in responding to the Gaza genocide since 2023. Utilizing, the concept of NGOs in international politics, this study analyzes three primary dimensions: humanitarian relief, social and economic contribution and political advocacy . Employing a qualitative approach, the research draws on data from online media sources representingvarious Islamic organizations and institutions in Indonesia. The findings demonstrate that Muhammadiyah, NU, and MUI actively support Gaza through integrated humanitarian and political approaches, ranging from official statements, and aid distribution to solidarity actions on social media. However, the study identifies a need for enhanced cross-instittutional coordination and the development of structured and long-term strategies to ensure that Palestinian support agendas are more tangible and impactful. This study contributes to the field of social movements, particularly regarding institutional responses toumanitarian crises.
Downloads
Article Details
Section

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Content License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notice:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
How to Cite
References
Abdurrahman, S. (2024a, Juli 16). Gus Yahya Ungkap Ada Organisasi Lobi Israel di Indonesia yang Catut Nama NU. Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/gus-yahya-ungkap-ada-organisasi-lobi-israel-di-indonesia-yang-catut-nama-nu-39510
Abdurrahman, S. (2024b, Juli 16). Ketum PBNU Gus Yahya Minta Maaf 5 Kadernya Temui Presiden Israel. Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/ketum-pbnu-gus-yahya-minta-maaf-5-kadernya-temui-presiden-israel-39562
Abdurrahman, S. (2024c, Juli 19). Kata Kader NU Zainul Maarif Setelah Dipecat Gara-gara Bertemu Presiden Israel. Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/kata-kader-nu-zainul-maarif-setelah-dipecat-gara-gara-bertemu-presiden-israel-38509
Ahmed, S., & Potter, David. M. (2006). NGOs in International Politics. USA: Kumarian Press, Inc.
Alawi, A. (2023, Oktober 31). Tahun 1938 dan 1939, NU Galang Dana untuk Palestina dan Instruksikan Qunut Nazilah. NU Online. https://www.nu.or.id/fragmen/tahun-1938-dan-1939-nu-galang-dana-untuk-palestina-dan-instruksikan-qunut-nazilah-RjIZn
Ali, M. (2023, October 16). Mapping protests in solidarity with Palestine against Israel's assault. Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/16/mapping-protests-held-in-solidarity-with-palestine56
Aswar, H., Fajri, U. N., & Mulia, J. R. (2025). United for Justice: Global Muslim Group`s Responses to the Israeli Occupation in Palestine. Journal of Islamic World and Politics, 9(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.18196/jiwp.v9i1.177
Aswar, H., Imam, H., Irman, H. A., & Muslim, H. I. K. (2025). From Protests to Petitions: The Global Response to the Gaza Crisis Since October 2023. JISIERA: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15206360
Attar, H. (2024, Juli 18). PWNU Jakarta Pecat 4 Pengurus LBMNU karena Berkunjung dan Berjejaring ke Israel. NU Online. https://www.nu.or.id/nasional/pwnu-jakarta-pecat-4-pengurus-lbmnu-karena-berkunjung-dan-berjejaring-ke-israel-kmavI
CNN Indonesia. (2023). Muhammadiyah Kirim Bantuan Rp13 Miliar untuk Palestina. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20231101192701-20-1018828/muhammadiyah-kirim-bantuan-rp13-miliar-untuk-palestina?utm
CNN Indonesia. (2024, Mei). 172 Kampus Muhammadiyah Bersatu Gelar Aksi Bela Palestina. CNN Indonesia. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20240507121236-20-1094920/172-kampus-muhammadiyah-bersatu-gelar-aksi-bela-palestina
CNN Indonesia. (2025, April 8). MUI Dukung Penuh Fatwa IUMS yang Serukan Jihad Lawan Israel. CNN Indonesia. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20250408143225-120-1216803/mui-dukung-penuh-fatwa-iums-yang-serukan-jihad-lawan-israel
DepokPos. (2023, September 19). Muhammadiyah Apresiasi Rencana Gelaran Bulan Solidaritas Palestina 2023. DepokPos. https://www.depokpos.com/2023/09/muhammadiyah-apresiasi-rencana-gelaran-bulan-solidaritas-palestina-2023/
Dewi, N. (2024, August 4). Ribuan Massa Gelar Aksi Solidaritas Bela Palestina di Depan Kedubes AS. MetroTV News. https://www.metrotvnews.com/play/NQACqz7Q-ribuan-massa-gelar-aksi-solidaritas-bela-palestina-di-depan-kedubes-as
Fatihah, S., & Maksum, M. N. R. (2024). SOLIDARITAS KEMANUSIAAN MUHAMMADIYAH UNTUK PALESTINA DENGAN MENJALIN HARAPAN DI TENGAH KONFLIK. TAJDID: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman Dan Kemanusiaan, 8(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.52266/tadjid.v8i2.317058
Grehenson, G. (2024, June 3). Menlu Retno Marsudi: Palestina akan Selalu Kita Bela. Universitas Gadjah Mada. https://ugm.ac.id/id/berita/menlu-retno-marsudi-palestina-akan-selalu-kita-bela/
Hanif, M. N., Wardoyo, C., & Yatmikasari, I. (2025). View of Lexical Fields of War in the Summary of Geneva Convention: Semantic Analysis. Mauriduna Journal of Islamic Studies. https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v6i2.53
Indiraphasa, N. S. (2023, April 14). Gus Yahya Tegaskan Konflik Israel dan Palestina Masalah Kemanusiaan, Bukan soal Agama. NU Online. https://www.nu.or.id/nasional/gus-yahya-tegaskan-konflik-israel-dan-palestina-masalah-kemanusiaan-bukan-soal-agama-fNnzQ
Indiraphasa, N. S. (2024, Mei 16). 76 Tahun Nakba, PBNU Tegaskan Dukungan untuk Kemerdekaan Palestina. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/nasional/76-tahun-nakba-pbnu-tegaskan-dukungan-untuk-kemerdekaan-palestina-jTuv1
Kaslam, K. (2024). Solidaritas Global: Gerakan Kemanusiaan untuk Palestina di Indonesia. Jurnal Ushuluddin: Media Dialog Pemikiran Islam, 26(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.24252/jumdpi.v26i1.4559259
Khairunisa. (2025, Mei 30). Muhammadiyah Tegas Tolak Hubungan RI-Israel Tanpa Kemerdekaan Palestina. Koropak.co.id. https://koropak.co.id/50864/muhammadiyah-tegas-tolak-hubungan-ri-israel-tanpa-kemerdekaan-palestina
KOMAHI. (2021, May 24). Isu Palestina-Israel: Isu Kemanusiaan yang Belum Berakhir. https://komahi.uai.ac.id/isu-palestina-israel-isu-kemanusiaan-yang-belum-berakhir/
Lazismu. (2023, November 23). Muhammadiyah Siap Distribusikan Bantuan untuk Palestina Melalui Mesir. Lazismu. https://lazismu.org/view/muhammadiyah-siap-distribusikan-bantuan-untuk-palestina-melalui-mesir
Luthfi, M. A. (2023, Februari 7). Rekomendasi Muktamar Internasional Fiqih Peradaban I: Menolak Khilafah, Mendukung PBB. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/internasional/rekomendasi-muktamar-internasional-fiqih-peradaban-i-menolak-khilafah-mendukung-pbb-BXgyN
Maftuh, H., Saerozi, M., Ruwandi, R., Zaman, B., & Surjanto, A. N. (2026). Toward National Harmonization: A Dialogue Between Islamic Education and Multiculturalism in Indonesia. Mauriduna : Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(1), 184–206. https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v7i1.154
Mahdi, I. (2024). Peran Civil Society dalam Resolusi Konflik: Studi Peran Muhammadiyah dalam Mewujudkan Perdamaian di Tengah Perang Israel-Palestina. JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial Dan Humaniora), 147–158. https://doi.org/10.30595/jssh.v8i2.24193
Mantalean, V. (2022, Maret 27). Gus Yahya: NU Selalu Berada di Pihak Rakyat Palestina. KOMPAS.com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2022/03/27/19523561/gus-yahya-nu-selalu-berada-di-pihak-rakyat-palestina
Meidiana, D. (2023, Oktober 27). Dukung Palestina, LPP AIK UMJ Gelar Kajian Integrasi Ilmu. Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. https://umj.ac.id/kabar-kampus/2023/10/dukung-palestina-lpp-aik-umj-gelar-kajian-integrasi-ilmu/
Meidyana, A. (2025, April 27). Aksi Solidaritas Bela Palestina Digelar di Peringatan Konferensi Asia Afrika. MetroTV News. https://www.metrotvnews.com/play/kpLCaWYq-aksi-solidaritas-bela-palestina-digelar-di-peringatan-konferensi-asia-afrika
Mikaputri, B. E. (2024, Januari 24). Bangun Rumah Sakit Darurat, Muhammadiyah Kirim Tim ke Perbatasan Gaza. BeritaSatu.com. https://www.beritasatu.com/internasional/2795983/bangun-rumah-sakit-darurat-muhammadiyah-kirim-tim-ke-perbatasan-gaza
Mu’arif. (2023, Oktober 20). Abdul Kahar Muzakkir dan Diplomasi Muhammadiyah untuk Palestina. Suara Muhammadiyah. https://www.suaramuhammadiyah.id/read/abdul-kahar-muzakkir-dan-diplomasi-muhammadiyah-untuk-palestina
Muhammadiyah. (2021, Februari 6). Muhammadiyah Imbau Pemerintah Dukung Two States Solution Bagi Palestina. Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/2021/02/muhammadiyah-imbau-pemerintah-dukung-two-states-solution-bagi-palestina/
Muhammadiyah. (2021, Mei 25). Banyak Elit Tak Paham, Haedar: Mendukung Palestina Adalah Amanat Konstitusi. Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/2021/05/banyak-elit-tak-paham-haedar-mendukung-palestina-adalah-amanat-konstitusi/
Muhammadiyah. (2023a, Januari). Risalah Islam Berkemajuan (Keputusan Muktamar ke-48 Muhammadiyah tahun 2022). Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/RIB-_versi-Indonesia.pdf
Muhammadiyah. (2023b, Januari 28). Rumuskan Cara Baru Memperjuangkan Kemerdekaan Palestina, MDMC, Global Peace Malaysia, dan MyAqsha Defenders Gelar Diskusi Bersama. Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/2023/01/rumuskan-cara-baru-memperjuangkan-kemerdekaan-palestina-mdmc-global-peace-malaysia-dan-myaqsha-defenders-gelar-diskusi-bersama/61
Muhammadiyah. (2023d, April 19). Muhammadiyah Salurkan Ribuan Paket Ramadan buat Warga Palestina. Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/2023/04/muhammadiyah-salurkan-ribuan-paket-ramadan-buat-warga-palestina/
Muhammadiyah. (2023e, Oktober 11). Perang Israel dan Palestina, Muhammadiyah Keluarkan Tujuh Poin Pernyataan Sikap. Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/2023/10/perang-israel-dan-palestina-muhammadiyah-keluarkan-tujuh-poin-pernyataan-sikap/
Muhammadiyah. (2024, Oktober 9). Kampus Muhammadiyah Ini Dirikan Program Magister Islamic Jerusalem Studies Pertama di Asia Tenggara. Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/2024/10/kampus-muhammadiyah-ini-dirikan-program-magister-islamic-jerusalem-studies-pertama-di-asia-tenggara/
N, A. (2023, November 10). Fatwa Terbaru MUI Nomor 83 Tahun 2023. Majelis Ulama Indonesia. https://mui.or.id/baca/berita/fatwa-terbaru-mui-nomor-83-tahun-2023-mendukung-agresi-israel-ke-palestina-hukumnya-haram
N, A. (2023, November 10). Majelis Ulama Indonesia - MUI - Majelis Ulama Indonesia. MUI - Majelis Ulama Indonesia - MUI - Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Retrieved May 23, 2025, from https://www.mui.or.id/baca/berita/fatwa-terbaru-mui-nomor-83-tahun-2023-mendukung-agresi-israel-ke-palestina-hukumnya-haram
Newswire. (2024, November 29). Aksi Hari Solidaritas Internasional Bersama Rakyat Palestina di Kedubes AS. Espos Indonesia. https://foto.espos.id/aksi-hari-solidaritas-internasional-bersama-rakyat-palestina-di-kedubes-as-2031719
Noerhadi, W. (2024a, Februari 4). LAZISNU Salurkan Makanan, Air Bersih hingga Dukungan Psikososial untuk Anak-anak Palestina. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/internasional/lazisnu-salurkan-makanan-air-bersih-hingga-dukungan-psikososial-untuk-anak-anak-palestina-FWj9j
Noerhadi, W. (2024b, April 24). Melalui Turki, LAZISNU Distribusikan 3 Kontainer Bantuan Kemanusiaan untuk Palestina. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/internasional/melalui-turki-lazisnu-distribusikan-3-kontainer-bantuan-kemanusiaan-untuk-palestina-soVD9
Noor, A. F. (2025, Maret 21). PBNU-MUI Kompak Dukung Palestina, Ajak Boikot Produk Terafiliasi Zionis. Republika Online. https://republika.co.id/share/stetgr49062
Patoni. (2023, September 10). 7 Pernyataan Sikap PBNU soal Eskalasi Kekerasan Israel-Palestina. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/nasional/7-pernyataan-sikap-pbnu-soal-eskalasi-kekerasan-israel-palestina-6bvyI
Prasetyo, B. (2024, November 15). Semangat kedaulatan dari Indonesia untuk Palestina. Antara News. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4468165/semangat-kedaulatan-dari-indonesia-untuk-palestina
Putranto, W. G. (2024, Agustus 7). MUI Keluarkan 10 Kriteria Produk Nasional sebagai Substitusi Produk Terafiliasi Israel. Tribunnews. Retrieved Mei 23, 2025, from https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2024/08/07/mui-keluarkan-10-kriteria-produk-nasional-sebagai-substitusi-produk-terafiliasi-israel
PWM Jawa Tengah. (2024, Januari 31). Langkah Revolusioner Muhammadiyah: Penyerahan Peralatan Medis ke Palestina, Terobosan Baru untuk Membuka Jalan Menuju Gaza! PWM Jawa Tengah. https://pwmjateng.com/langkah-revolusioner-muhammadiyah-penyerahan-peralatan-medis-ke-palestina-terobosan-baru-untuk-membuka-jalan-menuju-gaza/
Riski, P. (2023, November 7). Ikatan Mahasiswa Muhammadiyah Gelar Aksi Solidaritas bagi Palestina. VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/ikatan-mahasiswa-muhammadiyah-gelar-aksi-solidaritas-bagi-palestina/7344836.html
Rivaldi, M. A., Isnaeni, A., & Masruchin, M. (2026). Rukyatul Hilal and Hisab: A Comparative Study of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama in Determining the Beginning of the Hijri Month. Mauriduna : Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(1), 29–54. https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v7i1.43
Rizqa, H. (2024, Oktober 10). UMJ Dirikan Magister Islamic Jerusalem Studies Pertama di Asia Tenggara. Republika Online. https://republika.co.id/share/sl4dyh458
Salam, H. (2023, November 21). PBNU: R20 Diharapkan Dapat Suarakan Penghentian Kekerasan di Gaza. Kompas.id. https://www.kompas.id/baca/internasional/2023/11/21/pbnu-gerakkan-tokoh-agama-dunia-suarakan-gencatan-senjata-di-gaza-palestina63
Salam, H., & Wulan, M. K. (2023, November 27). ISORA R20 Forum, President: Religion Plays a Role in Creating World Peace. Kompas.id. https://www.kompas.id/baca/english/2023/11/27/en-buka-forum-r20-isora-agama-berperan-wujudkan-perdamaian-dunia
Santi, S. (2024). Gerakan Julid Fisabilillah. Jurnal ICMES, 8(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v8i1.191
Saputra, E. Y. (2025, Mei 28). Muhammadiyah: Israel Harus Tanggung Jawab Genosida Palestina Jika Mau Diakui Indonesia. Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/muhammadiyah-israel-harus-tanggung-jawab-genosida-palestina-jika-mau-diakui-indonesia-1573678
Schlein, L. (2023, November 11). Krisis Kemanusiaan di Gaza dan Tepi Barat Memburuk. VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/krisis-kemanusiaan-di-gaza-dan-tepi-barat-memburuk/7350423.html
Setiawan, K. (2024, Januari 1). Krisis Palestina dan Kekompakan Nahdliyin Himpun Dana Bantuan. NU Online. https://www.nu.or.id/nasional/krisis-palestina-dan-kekompakan-nahdliyin-himpun-dana-bantuan-ZiKOZ64
Solkan, A. (2024, Februari 4). Warga Palestina Terima Bantuan Kemanusiaan dari NU Care-LAZISNU Lasem Jateng. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/internasional/warga-palestina-terima-bantuan-kemanusiaan-dari-nu-care-lazisnu-lasem-jateng-Fo16Q
Suara Muhammadiyah. (2023, November 15). LHKI PP Muhammadiyah Mendukung Langkah Internasional untuk Palestina. Suara Muhammadiyah. https://www.suaramuhammadiyah.id/read/lhki-pp-muhammadiyah-mendukung-langkah-internasional-untuk-palestina
Suara Muhammadiyah. (2025, Maret 27). Dialog Pusat Studi Muhammadiyah Gaungkan Kemanusiaan Global untuk Palestina. Suara Muhammadiyah. https://www.suaramuhammadiyah.id/read/dialog-pusat-studi-muhammadiyah-gaungkan-kemanusiaan-global-untuk-palestina
Surry, K. (2023, November 8). Masyarakat Aceh tegaskan solidaritas lewat aksi bela Palestina. Antaranews.com. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3813366/masyarakat-aceh-tegaskan-solidaritas-lewat-aksi-bela-palestina
Syakir NF, M. (2023, November 21). Soal Gerakan Boikot Produk Israel, Ini Tanggapan Ketua Umum PBNU. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/nasional/soal-gerakan-boikot-produk-israel-ini-tanggapan-ketua-umum-pbnu-FfFYV
UMY, H. (2024, December 14). Lebih Dari Isu Kemanusiaan, Israel Dapat Pengaruhi Demografi dan Peradaban Palestina. Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. https://www.umy.ac.id/lebih-dari-isu-kemanusiaan-israel-dapat-pengaruhi-demografi-dan-peradaban-palestina
VOA Indonesia. (2023, November 5). Gelar Aksi Bela Palestina, Ratusan Ribu Orang Padati Monas. VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/gelar-aksi-bela-palestina-ratusan-ribu-orang-padati-monas/7342200.html
Wangke, H. (2018). Dukungan Diplomasi Politik Indonesia Terhadap Kemerdekaan Palestina. Bidang Hubungan Internasional Info Singkat: Kajian Singkat terhadap Isu Aktual dan Strategis, X(1), 7–12.
Wardah, F. (2021, November 30). Indonesia Bangun Rumah Sakit di Hebron, Palestina. VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/indonesia-bangun-rumah-sakit-di-hebron-palestina/6333165.html
Wardah, F. (2024, August 4). Demonstrasi Merebak di Jakarta dan Kota Lain di Dunia, Tuntut Diakhirinya Genosida di Gaza. VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/demonstrasi-merebak-di-jakarta-dan-kota-lain-di-dunia-tuntut-diakhirinya-genosida-di-gaza/7729426.html
Yaputra, H., & Azzahra, N. (2024, Juli 16). Ragam Reaksi atas Pertemuan 5 Nahdliyin dengan Presiden Israel. Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/ragam-reaksi-atas-pertemuan-5-nahdliyin-dengan-presiden-israel-39641
Younes, F. (2019). The Growth and Impact of the BDS Movement: Linking Local to Global Context. Confluence, 1(1), Article 1. https://journals.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/confluence/article/view/938
Yunus, S. (2024, December 18). MUI Ungkap Dampak Aksi Boikot Produk Terafiliasi Israel terhadap Produk Lokal | tempo.co. Tempo.co. Retrieved May 23, 2025, from https://www.tempo.co/politik/mui-ungkap-dampak-aksi-boikot-produk-terafiliasi-israel-terhadap-produk-lokal-1183057
Zidni, E. E. S. Z. (2023). Analisis Konsistensi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Mendorong Kemerdekaan Palestina. ISLAM NUSANTARA:Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture, 4(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.47776/islamnusantara.v4i1.681
Zidni, E. E. S. Z., Zuhdi, M. L., Machmudi, Y., & Syauqillah, M. (2024). Narasi Keberpihakan: Kajian Sejarah Komitmen Nahdlatul Ulama terhadap Isu Palestine dari Era Kolonial Hingga Kontemporer. Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 7(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.17509/historia.v7i2.74706